000			01743cam a2200133 4500
100	1		_aGOVELLA Kristi
245			_aChina's challenge to the global commons: _bcompliance, contestation, and subversion in the maritime and cyber domains/ _cKristi Govella
260			_c2021
520			_aThis article argues that China poses a challenge to the global commons because its actions reflect a pragmatic focus on national interest that that disrupts more collaborative conceptions of their governance. However, instead of directly rejecting existing regimes, China has pursued a mixed strategy of complying when these regimes confer benefits and employing contestation or subversion when they conflict with its strategic aims. In particular, China has used contestation and subversion to push for the enclosure of the maritime and cyber domains, extending ideas of sovereignty and territoriality to them to varying extents. While the relatively well-institutionalized nature of maritime governance has limited China's focus to the application of specific rules in areas where it prioritizes sovereign control, the embryonic status of the cyber regime has enabled China to call into question the fundamental definition of cyberspace as a global common. Subversion has also allowed China to accomplish strategic goals through 'gray zone' tactics, resulting in increased conflict below the level of war in both domains.
650			_aCHINA _xCONFLICT _xCONTESTATION _xCOMPLIANCE _xCYBERSPACE _xGLOBAL COMMONS _xGOVERNANCE _xINTERNATIONAL ORDER _xMARITIME SECURITY _xSOUTH CHINA SEA _xSUBVERSION
773			_aInternational Relations: _gVol.35 No.3, September 2021, pp.446-468 (33)
598			_aCHINA, MARITIME, SECURITY, SCSEA, CYBERSEC
945			_i66838.1001 _rY _sY
999			_c40958 _d40958