TY - BOOK AU - EVEREST-PHILLIPS Max TI - Reassessing pre-war Japanese espionage: the Rutland naval spy case and the Japanese intelligence threat before Pearl Harbor PY - 2006/// KW - JAPAN KW - SECOND WORLD WAR KW - INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONS KW - SPIES N2 - Describes the case of Squadron Leader Frederick Rutland, a First World War flying hero, who subsequently supplied information to the Japanese that helped them develop their aircraft carriers. The case shows how British and American assessments of Japan's intelligence gathering efforts in the inter war period were characterised by ignorance and suspicion, as well on Britain's part by doubts about America's own intentions in the Pacific (fthe Anglo-Japanese Alliance lapsed in 1921 under US pressure) ER -