TY  - BOOK
AU  - MANGER Gideon
TI  - Unravelling effectiveness in intelligence: : a systematic review 
PY  - 2024///
KW  - INTELLIGENCE
KW  - EFFECTIVENESS
N2  - Effectiveness is a term often used in intelligence studies. However, what effectiveness means in relation to intelligence remains elusive and intelligence effectiveness is studied from a wide variety of viewpoints. This paper aims to understand the concepts of effectiveness of intelligence and seeks to gain greater insight into what drives effectiveness. Reviewing 176 studies from 12 journals this paper identifies four paradigms of intelligence effectiveness – utility, intelligence failure, precision, and rigor- and describes distinct perspectives within each paradigm, the constructs used to determine effectiveness, and their antecedents. Analysis of the results shows that the paradigms of intelligence effectiveness are interrelated. In addition, paradigms and their constructs can be sequenced, revealing gaps in our knowledge, and providing an agenda for further research
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02684527.2024.2370132
ER  -