TY  - BOOK
AU  - GOVELLA Kristi
TI  - China's challenge to the global commons: compliance, contestation, and subversion in the maritime and cyber domains
PY  - 2021///
KW  - CHINA
KW  - CONFLICT
KW  - CONTESTATION
KW  - COMPLIANCE
KW  - CYBERSPACE
KW  - GLOBAL COMMONS
KW  - GOVERNANCE
KW  - INTERNATIONAL ORDER
KW  - MARITIME SECURITY
KW  - SOUTH CHINA SEA
KW  - SUBVERSION
N2  - This article argues that China poses a challenge to the global commons because its actions reflect a pragmatic focus on national interest that that disrupts more collaborative conceptions of their governance. However, instead of directly rejecting existing regimes, China has pursued a mixed strategy of complying when these regimes confer benefits and employing contestation or subversion when they conflict with its strategic aims. In particular, China has used contestation and subversion to push for the enclosure of the maritime and cyber domains, extending ideas of sovereignty and territoriality to them to varying extents. While the relatively well-institutionalized nature of maritime governance has limited China's focus to the application of specific rules in areas where it prioritizes sovereign control, the embryonic status of the cyber regime has enabled China to call into question the fundamental definition of cyberspace as a global common. Subversion has also allowed China to accomplish strategic goals through 'gray zone' tactics, resulting in increased conflict below the level of war in both domains
ER  -