AYMAN Ibrahim,  1973- <br/><br/>
The stated motivations for the early Islamic expansion (622-641) :  a critical revision of Muslims' traditional portrayal of the Arab raids and conquests / 
Ayman S. Ibrahim. 
 - New York :  Peter Lang,  2017 
 - xxii, 240 pages ; 23 cm. 
<br/><br/>Includes bibliographical references and index. 
<br/><br/><label>ISBN: </label>9781433135286 (hbk.) :  69.95GBP 
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Topical Terms: </label><br/>ISLAM -- HISTORY -- TO 1500<br/>JIHAD -- HISTORY -- TO 1500<br/>MUHAMMAD -- PROPHET