TY - BOOK AU - TOWNES Miles TI - The spread of TCP/IP: how the internet became the internet PY - 2012/// KW - INTERNET KW - POLITICS N2 - This article describes the spread of TCP/IP and therefore the diffusion of the Internet, beginning in the 1960s until the early 1990s. Understanding how TCP/IP emerged and spread provides insight into the changes and challenges brought by the Internet into world politics. Against arguments that the Internet reflects primarily economic or military concerns, it is argued that the notions of academic freedom are embedded in the fundamental technology of the Internet, TCP/IP, and that this embedded norm is essential to the Internet's consequences for modern political life ER -