Brokered rule: militias, drugs, and borderland governance in the Myanmar-China borderlands/

MEEHAN Patrick

Brokered rule: militias, drugs, and borderland governance in the Myanmar-China borderlands/ Patrick Meehan and Seng Lawn Dan - 2023

This article develops the concept of brokerage to analyse the systems of borderland governance that have underpinned processes of state formation and capitalist development in the conflict-affected Myanmar-China borderland region of northern Shan State since the late 1980s. It focuses on the brokerage arrangements that have developed between the Myanmar Army and local militias, and how the illegal drug trade has become integral to these systems of brokered rule. This article draws particular attention to the inherent tensions and contradictions surrounding brokerage. In the short term, deploying militias as borderland brokers has provided an expedient mechanism through which the Myanmar Army has sought to extend and embed state authority, and has also provided the stability and coercive muscle needed to attract capital, expand trade, and intensify resource extraction.


BROKERAGE--TERRITORY--FRONTIERS